Loco Over Four Loko: The Moral Panic Behind the Ban

· Wednesday, November 24, 2010

Timothy Leary noted that "psychedelic drugs cause panic and temporary insanity" in people who have never tried them. The same can be said of Four Loko, the drink that federal regulators banned last week amid a nationwide fit of hysteria about "a toxic, dangerous mix of caffeine and alcohol" that Sen. Charles Schumer, D-N.Y., warned was "spreading like a plague across the country." A fruity, bubbly, neon-colored plague.

The main knock against Four Loko, which is less potent than Chardonnay, is that the caffeine masks the alcohol's effects, leading people to underestimate their impairment and drink more than they otherwise would. Two studies have found that college students who drink alcohol combined with caffeine tend to consume more and take more risks than college students who drink alcohol by itself.

Neither study clarified whether the difference was due to the caffeine or to the pre-existing tendencies of hard partiers who are attracted to drinks they believe will help keep them going all night long. But that distinction did not matter to panic-promoting politicians and their publicists in the press, who breathlessly advertised Four Loko while marveling at its rising popularity. Like other officially condemned intoxicants, Four Loko was linked to a disfavored group -- reckless, hedonistic "young people" -- and everything about it was viewed in that light.

Over and over again, fear-mongering officials and hyperbolic reporters cited two incidents -- one at Ramapo College in New Jersey, the other at Central Washington University -- in which students who drank Four Loko were taken to the hospital. These 15 students, most of whom seem to have been drinking other alcoholic beverages in addition to Four Loko, represent something like 0.015 percent of the 100,000 or so 18- to 20-year-olds who make alcohol-related visits to American emergency rooms each year. Yet their drunken stupidity was repeatedly presented as evidence of Four Loko's unique dangers.

Likewise, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration counted 13,800 alcohol-related fatalities in 2008. It did not put crashes involving Four Loko drinkers in a special category. But news organizations around the country, primed to perceive the drink as unusually hazardous, routinely do. Three days before the Food and Drug Administration declared Four Loko illegal, a 14-year-old stole his parents' SUV and crashed it into a guard rail in Denton, Texas, killing his girlfriend. Here is how the local Fox station headlined its story: "'Four Loko' Found in Deadly Teen Crash."

Connecticut Attorney General Richard Blumenthal (who will soon join Schumer in the Senate) calls Four Loko a "witch's brew," and apparently it really does have magical powers. Although one 23.5-ounce container has less alcohol than a bottle of wine, news reports call it "blackout in a can." ABC News implies that a single can, containing as much caffeine as a cup of coffee, can trigger a fatal heart attack in a perfectly healthy person.

The New York Times reports that Four Loko, which features a drug combination familiar to fans of Irish coffee or rum and cola, "has been blamed" for causing a 20-year-old Floridian to shoot himself in the head. A CBS station in Philadelphia said a middle-aged suburban dad suffered "a hallucinogenic frenzy" featuring "nightmarish delusions" after a can and a half, while another CBS affiliate in Baltimore said two cans made a 20-year-old "lose her mind," steal a friend's pickup truck and crash it into a telephone poll. Under the evil influence of this demonic drink, the St. Petersburg Times reports, a 21-year-old in New Port Richey, Fla., broke into an old woman's house, trashed the place, stripped naked and took a dump on the floor.

Despite such alarming reports, the FDA did not conclude that alcoholic beverages containing caffeine, which are made by dozens of companies, are inherently unsafe. Instead, it focused on Four Loko's manufacturer and three other companies that "seemingly target the young adult user," who is "especially vulnerable" to "combined ingestion of caffeine and alcohol" -- and too dumb, apparently, to mix vodka with Red Bull.

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Comments

Mike

Children should be protected by mothers from harming themselves. Many adults still expect the same protection from their government. This isn't the "Nanny" state; America is now the "Baby" state. So, stop whining and get back into your cribs where you belong.

Posted November 24, 2010 at 7:27:04 AM


Bruce R Pierce

When is the FDA going to restrict water, that when over used causes death. What I hate the most is how quick the Government is to ban things not good for us, but when the same Government winds up in court for negligence they are the first to argue that the Government is not responsible for your safety.

Posted November 24, 2010 at 7:37:38 AM


Army Officer

Good point Bruce,

Those of us in the Second Amendment community see the same mind-set at work there. Public servants (all too often including cops), advocate for disarming citizens in most times and places on the grounds that you can't be trusted to take care of yourself and the police are there to protect you. When they aren't (which is most of the time, since they usually don't arrive until the action is over), they'll tell you that you can't prevail in a lawsuit since their obligation is to protect the general population, not any one individual. That's true even if you applied for a weapon permit and were denied one by the very same police department that failed to come to your aid when called. That principle has been upheld all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court.

More nanny-statism...

By the way, I'm no drunkard but I'm pretty sure Rum-and-Coke has alcohol and caffeine too.

Posted November 24, 2010 at 11:07:20 AM


Elaine

Let us remember that the definition of child depends upon what context it is used in. For example, according to Obamacare, a child can be as old as 26. On the other hand, a 10-12-14 year old is mature enough to have Planned Parenthood distribute birth control, abortion drugs, and perform an abortion, without any parental consent or knowledge.

The only thing the Nanny State wants to protect children from are their parents and those things it believes it has the right to control.

Posted November 24, 2010 at 12:02:47 PM


Richard Ryan

Just one more stake in the heart of our liberties. It`s now illegal in California to sell meals with kids toys, and pretty soon Her Highness, Mechelle, will be telling all of us what we can and cannot eat. Just like the invasion of privacy by the TSA, it`s just one small step for Americans, and one large leap of power for the Feds.

Richard Ryan

Lamar, Missouri (Birthplace of Harry S Truman)

Posted November 24, 2010 at 12:11:31 PM


mrkim

With all the meaningful issues on the congressional plate even bringing this before congress is comical, just not funny :>/

Posted November 24, 2010 at 12:28:59 PM


desert

They on picked on Loko? You think maybe the people at Loko didn't cross the right palms....a little green in the right place will get them off your back lol.....corrupt bastards!

Posted November 24, 2010 at 12:45:50 PM


XCpt

I have heard that if you drink a gallon of milk quickly (within an hour) that it will cause you to become violently nauseous and vomit. And apparently there are loads of videos on the web showing people trying it with the expected result.

To be fair, Congress should ban the packaging of milk in such dangerous quantities. We must protect the children that cannot judge the volume of the contents against the potential hazards of consuming such mass quantities.

We need to reset the system and clear out the micro-control freaks and the laws they have put in place.

Posted November 24, 2010 at 3:14:16 PM


karl anglin

A working knowledge of the devil

can be very well from resisting

him.---Flannery O'Connor (1925-1964)

Posted November 24, 2010 at 3:44:30 PM


Army Officer

XCpt,

Great point! Since milk cannot be safely consumed by the gallon, we need the FDA to classify anything over a quart as a "High-Capacity Assault Jug" and ban them forthwith (except for government agencies, of course).

Posted November 24, 2010 at 4:54:31 PM


James McEnanly

Aside from the prepackaging, what is the difference between a 4-Loko and an Irish Coffee or a Long Island Ice Tea?All Three of these drinks combine caffeine and alcohol.The effects of both of these have been known for a long time.

I am also wondering if the hallucinogenic properties might be some sort of placebo effect. The people who drink it expect a buzz, and they get one.

Posted November 24, 2010 at 7:09:26 PM


Abu Nudnik

karl: that's not a complete sentence. You left out the word "had." What O'Connor said was "A working knowledge of the devil can be very well had from resisting him."

Posted November 24, 2010 at 10:51:00 PM


Dave from ny

Devil's Springs 160 Proof Vodka is still legal to buy. Is just how we consume it, every alcohol beverage is bad but I don't see the FDA stopping Corona, Coors, Bud, or any other beverage. Every one should know their limits and this College kids didn't care of the alcohol they drank. Save 4 Lokos

Posted November 27, 2010 at 4:43:32 PM


Drew Skyles

I drank 2 four lokos last Wednesday night. This was before I went to the bar and had about 6 beers and a shot. I'm not bragging on myself, because that's dumb, but I didn't go kill myself or do anything dumb. I was totally fine. I was definitely drunk, but not out of control. I call four loko "pre game in a can". It's perfect to drink one before going to the bars. People should just know their limits. It amounts to 4-5 beers, so think about where you usually are when you drink 4-5 beers and use your best judgement based on that. People are just irresponsible when it comes to drinking.

Posted November 30, 2010 at 12:19:02 AM


lena

i think its rediculous that they are banning four loko. it is my drink of choice and im completely fine. if they want to ban cafinated alcohol drinks they are stupid you cant stop anyone from drinking a redbull and vodka. so why ban lokos?

Posted November 30, 2010 at 6:20:00 PM


damien

Im 31 years old and been drinking four loko since it came out and can say that it has not harm me in anyway at all. a minor should not have there hands on this drink and it say in big letters on the can WE ID.. a 20 year old man takes his life with a gun after drinking 3 of them how did four loko make him do that. he is only 20 he should not have it and where did he get a gun from anyways. if you cant drink like an adult then put it down. me and a friend drink four loko for 32 hours no-stop and we had no problems we just slept long when we was done and got back up and did it again. there is no need to mix this drink or to slam them one after another just kick back and injoy them. im sorry for the family's that have lost some one to this but lets look at it nobody made them drink them the way they did.

Posted December 1, 2010 at 12:37:37 AM


rosa

Today was the first time i have ever tried 4 loko, and i loved it! the uva flavor is so good.

Posted December 6, 2010 at 12:03:06 AM


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