An Ignored 'Disparity': Part II

· Wednesday, January 18, 2012

One of the ways of trying to reduce the vast disparities in economic success, which are common in countries around the world, is by making higher education more widely available, even for people without the money to pay for it.

This can be both a generous investment and a wise investment for a society to make. But, depending on how it is done, it can also be a foolish and even dangerous investment, as many societies around the world have learned the hard way.

When institutions of higher learning turn out highly qualified doctors, scientists, engineers and others with skills that can raise the standard of living of a whole society and make possible a better and longer life, the benefits are obvious.

What is not so obvious, but is painfully true nonetheless, is that colleges and universities can also turn out vast numbers of people with credentials, but with no marketable skills with which to fulfill their expectations. There is nothing magic about simply being in ivy-covered buildings for four years.

Statistics are often thrown around in the media, showing that people with college degrees earn higher average salaries than people without them. But such statistics lump together apples and oranges -- and lemons.

A decade after graduation, people whose degrees were in a hard field like engineering earned twice as much as people whose degrees were in the ultimate soft field, education. Nor is a degree from a prestigious institution a guarantee of a big pay-off, especially not for those who failed to specialize in subjects that would give them skills valued in the real world.

But that is not even half the story. In countries around the world, people with credentials but no marketable skills have been a major source of political turmoil, social polarization and ideologically driven violence, sometimes escalating into civil war.

People with degrees in soft subjects, which impart neither skills nor a realistic understanding of the world, have been the driving forces behind many extremist movements with disastrous consequences.

These include what a noted historian called the "well-educated but underemployed" Czech young men who promoted ethnic identity politics in the 19th century, which led ultimately to historic tragedies for both Czechs and Germans in 20th century Czechoslovakia. It was much the same story of soft-subject "educated" but unsuccessful young men who promoted pro-fascist and anti-Semitic movements in Romania in the 1930s.

The targets have been different in different countries but the basic story has been much the same. Those who cannot compete in the marketplace, despite their degrees, not only resent those who have succeeded where they have failed, but push demands for preferential treatment, in order to negate the "unfair" advantages that others have.

Similar attempts to substitute political favoritism for developing one's own skills and achievements have been common as well in India, Nigeria, Malaysia, Fiji, Sri Lanka and throughout Central Europe and Eastern Europe between the two World Wars.

Such political movements cannot promote their agendas without demonizing others, thereby polarizing whole societies. Time and again, their targets have been those who have the skills and achievements that they lack. When they achieve their ultimate success, forcing such people out of the country, as in Uganda in the 1970s or Zimbabwe more recently, the whole economy can collapse.

Against this international background, the current class warfare rhetoric in American politics and ethnic grievance ideology in our schools and colleges, can be seen as the dangerous things they are. Those who are pushing such things may be seeking nothing more than votes for themselves or some unearned group benefits at other people's expense. But they are playing with dynamite.

The semi-literate sloganizing of our own Occupy Wall Street mobs recalls the distinction that Milton Friedman often made between those who are educated and those who have simply been in schools. Generating more such people, in the name of expanding education, may serve the interests of the Obama administration but hardly the interests of America.

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Comments

Jeremy

As a college professor, all I can say is ... right on!

I teach one of the hard subjects (Computer Science) that enables people to make money without mooching off of the government. But the sociologists and other pseudo-scientists run the university. For example, if you take a close look at any "general education" course, you'll see that it's nothing more than thinly veiled, politically correct, victimization, environmentalist, left-wing garbage. Btw, this is at least part of the reason why most foreign students prefer to come to the U.S. for advanced degrees---they can avoid almost all of those silly classes and instead focus on a real subject.

Posted January 18, 2012 at 1:20:29 AM


mmccrindle

Many of those undereducated, misguided liberals who have an unrealistic world view are now the mainstay in the Dept. of Education and all of american acadamia.

Several observations:

Every time more money is thrown at education tuition rates go up. Always, no exception.

Instead of trying to retain foreign graduates with superior degrees for positions here, liberals are more concerned with giving free passes to illegals. My guess is for future votes from just another ignorant source.

Just as in any government entity, costs soar, bloated unions and wasteful spending is the norm. The Dept. of Education has become a liability and is doing a huge disservice to America.

Posted January 18, 2012 at 8:42:05 AM


wjmccrindle

The Universitys are pumping out indoctrinated usefull idiots that are the footsoldiers of the Obamanation. With advanced degrees in womens studies, gender studies, sociology, education, and other _______studies, these useless cretins demand the production of those with real knowledge that actually contribute to society. They occupy, consume what others produce, lay waste to the occupied site, and wallow in their own filth. This is the base of the Democrat Party. This is the collection of idiocy that are the main stream media. This is what Hollywood champions. These are the marxist statist progressives. They are treasonous criminals, jail them, don't vote for them.

Posted January 18, 2012 at 11:12:07 AM


Robert A. Hall

A recent commenter on my blog complained bitterly that she had two masters’ degrees and was ABD for a doctorate in Social Work and couldn’t get a job. I pointed out that no amount of hope and change could repeal the law of supply and demand, that if there were ten people with social work degrees for every job, nine were going to be unemployed. But the universities are happy, because the useless degrees are funded by the government through student loans. Every student should be required to read Dr. Sowell’s great books “Applied Economics” and “Basic Economics” and pass a test on them to graduate from college. Or to hold public office. I will link to this from my Old Jarhead blog.

Robert A. Hall

Author: The Coming Collapse of the American Republic

All royalties go to help wounded veterans

For a free PDF of my book, write tartanmarine(at)gmail.com

Posted January 18, 2012 at 11:34:45 AM


Saint Peter

Well said Mr. Sowell,

If you give everyone in America a million dollars, we would all be Millionaires. But a loaf of bread would cost $10,000.00!

If you ensure everyone gets a BA, then the value of the BA will decrease.

But everyone with a BA will expect a high-paying, white-collar, desk job. Who then will collect the trash, fix my plumbing, pave the roads, harvest the crops?

Illegal immigrants I suppose.

Saint Peter, Master of Aeronautical Science (and employed in that field).

Posted January 18, 2012 at 12:30:58 PM


pete

"Giving" education and degrees to people who haven't earned them does nothing for anybody. When I hire somebody with a degree I expect him to know something about his field and be able to produce and make money for me (to pay his wages). If he doesn't have a work ethic, or his degree was a 'gimmee out of guilt,' I lose money when I hire him.

Enough of those and all the people I employ who really do know what they are doing and do it find themselves out of work too when I have to close the doors. It's not just lack of production or sales that can break a company. Excessive suits over faulty product can break a company too, even when they've proven beyond a shadow of a doubt that only one person was responsible, and that person, though holding a degree, was for all intents and purposes illiterate and only hired to meet minority requirements.

Posted January 18, 2012 at 3:35:39 PM


Merry Colin

Amen Dr. Sowell!

I guess I was smarter than a fifth grader (unlike many in college today) when, in the early 70's my blue collar, very hard working parents of 5 children sent me and my older sister to Sussex, England to study at USIU. She had a full scholarship from their sister college in HI. We were there about 6 weeks and found there was no curriculum--- the entire body of study was to be "independent learning" under the "guidance" of a professor. HUH? We were to create our own courses! At 18 and 19 years old, children of a rather good public education in western NY, we didn't have a clue what to do except to save Mom and Dad some money and return home.

I always had a desire to be a veterinarian so, on my own dime, I enrolled in a CA state university for my undergrad work. 4.0 and Dean's list almost every semester. Heavy advanced biology, chemistry, physics and no lala land courses for me. Then I found out, of the thirteen vet schools in the country, I could apply ONLY to the one "serving" my state. (This was 1973!) I couldn't shotgun my apps to all like you could for med school! I also learned from many practicing vets that good ol' gubmint had a strong grip on the schools; if I declared my wish to practice small animal medicine and/or they found I weighed only 95 lbs, my chances were greatly diminished because the USDA wanted meat inspectors! The only "push" might be if I could get a glowing recommendation from a US Senator or maybe a Federal Judge. I found I liked the business of animal medicine and the secondary caring just fine so college wasn't going to do me a bit of good. I quit in my third year and never looked back.

I went on to be a great salesperson in Consumer Electronics and then launched myself into a lucrative real estate career that spanned over 20 years. Again, I never looked back.

Same with my sons: Our eldest wanted to run/build/design data centers since he worked in them from 15 Y.O. He got his four year specific degree and contributed greatly to the costs including being an RA for 3 years and running the University data center and teaching prof's how to teach! He is immensely successful even though college taught him very, very little. Our youngest had no specific ideas of what he wished to do nor did he have the drive to learn. He did not go to college. It would have been a waste of years he could have used more wisely.

Bottom line: Dr. Sowell is ALWAYS right when he says college really isn't for everyone. Until that mindset changes, the colleges will continue to feed on the young and their parents while raising tuition again and again. Student loans ought to be considered only for those who demonstrate something more than the ability to steam a mirror and get a high school diploma.

Posted January 18, 2012 at 3:54:59 PM


Oathkeeper Scott

So we're mass producing bureaucrats... Excellent.

Posted January 18, 2012 at 6:02:01 PM


Howard Last

First let me say I have a Bachelors in Mechanical Engineering and a Masters in Civil Engineering, so what I say may be biased, but I don't think so. In Strength of Materials, Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer, Systems Analysis, etc. there is only one correct answer. In the bovine manure courses, it is what you feel good about. Which bridge would you rather cross, one designed by someone who feels good about math or someone that can solve simultaneous equations?

Merry - I know what you are talking about as my daughter is a DVM (for those that have a liberal arts degree that is a veterinarian).

Posted January 18, 2012 at 8:23:56 PM


Merry Colin

Howard

""...(for those that have a liberal arts degree that is a veterinarian)."

Love it!

Posted January 19, 2012 at 12:57:46 AM


Holmes Simons

Wow, Professor, your subtleness is quite impressive. Remarkable, in fact. Thank you so much for this series of articles.

Someone should translate this into Yiddish and send it to the White House Occupier. His educational background is softer than his un-American stance toward Israel, so soft, in fact, that upon reading he would melt into an amorphous puddle. His hard-line socialist shell is all that keeps him standing.

Maybe he will write a rebuttal. Oops, I forgot. He doesn't write, because his ivy-league educators taught him well that "never put anything in writing" is the most important lesson that a political criminal can ever learn.

Posted January 19, 2012 at 10:41:39 AM


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